The Fray - The Fray free essay sample

The Frays self-named collection is an incredible mix of popular and awesome music that gets audience members and tosses them into a hurricane of rock beats and profound verses. At the point when I previously got it, I wanted to return it. The spread craftsmanship had a dull vibe. Be that as it may, after I put it in my vehicle sound system, my conclusion changed. Inside the initial 30 seconds of the tune â€Å"Syndicate,† my foot was tapping and my fingers tingling to increase the volume. Every one of these tunes have a ton of significance to them. In the wake of  ­listening to â€Å"Happiness,† I stopped it for a couple of moments and considered what it implied. I had a comparable response to â€Å"You Found Me.† These melodies have a few concealed messages. Some could fuse them with their religion and others may relate them to a relationship. Another explanation I went gaga for this collection was that it  ­wasnt all â€Å"rainbows and butterflies. We will compose a custom paper test on The Fray The Fray or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page † Most popular music is tied in with beginning to look all starry eyed at or having a pound. The Frays collection is extraordinary and you can discover profound importance in every tune. Quicker, increasingly hard-rock melodies (â€Å"Syndicate,† â€Å"Enough For Now,† and â€Å"You Found Me†) balance consummately with more slow tunes (â€Å"Happiness,† â€Å"Never Say Never†). Regardless of whether you arent a devotee of pop or rock, this collection is a decent purchase. As you tune in, the tunes structure importance and stay established in your brain. The  ­amazing vocals, solid messages, and heavenly music merit tuning in to.

Millennial Financial Confidence and Social Media

Millennial Financial Confidence and Social Media The Millennial Generation and Social Media: How online connections influence Millennials’ money related regard Conceptual Perhaps the biggest age in history is moving into its prime going through years. The Millennial age, as an innovatively shrewd culture, is hoping to reshape the economy, taking their extraordinary monetary encounters into the manner in which they hope to go through their cash. Having survived the 2008 Great Recession, in any case, Millennials are spooky by the sudden deterrents a conflicting economy presents. They display gigantic doubt with monetary establishments because of battles during their money related childhood, and are the original to have amassed extreme measures of understudy credit obligation. In this manner, the Millennial age invests heavily in rehearsing cheap ways of managing money, making sure to place cash into their bank account every month. Be that as it may, Millennials are likewise intensely impacted by their relationship with their companions by means of web based life stages. The self-introduction hypothesis can be utilized to clarify why online life impacts recent college grads, as the craving to get social acknowledgment drives millennial practices. As factual proof has demonstrated, Millennials feel an increased feeling of social acknowledgment when physical images of social sufficiency are appeared through â€Å"like,† â€Å"favorites,† â€Å"retweets,† or â€Å"share.† Millennials likewise place an accentuation on encountering live occasions instead of material things, clarifying that these occasions are progressively charming when shared through internet based life. Studies have additionally indicated that the encouraging feedback Millennials get from â€Å"likes,† â€Å"favorites,† or â€Å"retweets,† weighs vigorously into their fiscal dynamic. In this manner, the contention can be made that the connections Millennials seek after through internet based life adversely impacts millennial spending as photographs and posts on their newsfeed energize wild spending, depending vigorously on reserves got uniquely through their expanded obligation gathering. Presentation Recent college grads speak to the biggest living age and in excess of a fourth of the populace at 83.1 million, outperforming Baby Boomers at 75.4 million (Cutler, 2015). As a result of the Millennial generation’s monstrous size, comprehension and adjusting to their burning through propensities is basic to a company’s development monetarily as the age as of now orders an expected $1.3 trillion in yearly customer spending (Eventbrite, 2013) Many examinations have been directed between the Millennial age and budgetary foundations, distinguishing their encounters and mentalities which thus help to shape how they interface with each other. Recent college grads, having survived both the 2008 Great Recession and the computerized upset, are making steady choices including their cash allotment. Be that as it may, they are encountering more prominent budgetary battles. Twenty to thirty year olds are the original in the cutting edge age to encounter significant levels of needines s and joblessness, making many lose confidence in budgetary establishments, and experience elevated levels of pressure while apportioning cash from little, apparently immaterial checks (Cutler, 2015). Because of these battles, the Millennial age invests heavily in their money related arranging, organizing cognizant spending so as to dodge monetary issues later on, and feeling certain about their training to land them a fruitful vocation. Nonetheless, the accentuation Millennials place on keeping up a web based life considered satisfactory by peers is converting into destructive money related practices. In 2015, very nearly 50 percent of Millennial buys were affected by web based life (Pagliara, 2017). Consequently, the comprehension of the need to spend intentionally is separated by social media’s made want to spend carelessly because of the accentuation Millennial’s place on media â€Å"likes† as a visual portrayal of social acknowledgment. Through a concise di agram of the general Millennials’ budgetary viewpoint contrasted with ages earlier, joined with both an examination of how Millennials interface with internet based life and how web based life impacts their ways of managing money, a contention can be made and afterward bolstered that the connection between online life and the Millennial age adversely influences their monetary height. Writing Review The Millennial Generation’s Overall Financial Outlook To all the more likely comprehend the crucial mentalities and convictions Millennials hold with respect to money related foundations, it is critical to initially think about the fiscal qualities of the Millennial age to both itself just as past ages including Baby Boomers and Generation Xers. Subsequent to contrasting Millennials’ early-life monetary encounters with those of Generation Xers and Baby Boomers, The Pew Research Center found that, while Millennials are the most taught age in American history, they likewise fill in as the original to have higher understudy advance obligation, neediness, and joblessness joined with lower levels of riches and individual salary (Cutler, 2015). With the significant expense of training, the Pew Research Center included that, starting at 2015, 66% of late four year certification beneficiaries have extraordinary understudy advances averaging close $27,000 contrasted with graduates two decades prior with understudy advances averaging just $15,000. A 2014 Wells Fargo Millennial Study gathered information discovered 42% of Millennials depict obligation as a â€Å"overwhelming money related concern† when contrasted with just 23% of Baby Boomers. Moreover, the investigation reasoned that Millennials list understudy advance obligation as their top concern while Baby Boomers center around putting something aside for retirement. Because of the weight of heaping obligation joined with troubles finding fruitful occupations directly out of school, Millennials promptly see a distinction between the cash spent on instruction and future income, building up a flattened, negative monetary mental self portrait from the get-go in their vocations. A 2014 study directed by Pew found that a simple 42% of Millennials distinguish as working class, a noteworthy tumble from a similar review led in 2008 where 53% of Millennials guaranteed themselves as white collar class. Most essentially, nonetheless, a similar review likewise reason ed that, in 2015, 46% of Millennials recognized as low-center to bring down class, an outstanding ascent from 25% in 2008. Opposing to this measurement, in any case, the Pew Research Center found that 85% of Millennials are hopeful when gotten some information about their future monetarily, saying they have enough to live easily now and plan to sufficiently spare to make a way of life they need later on (Cutler, 2015). This measurement gives an understanding to how Millennials see their future riches, offering important data with respect to their contemplations on the most proficient method to go through their cash today. While money related idealism is vital for sure future spending, Millennials at present experience poor monetary mental self view, influencing their ways of managing money today as they are compelled to settle on hurried choices that will ideally expand their investment funds so they will have enough budgetary help to spend liberally later on. These insights can be better clarified through an inside and out investigation of the essential mentalities of the Millennial age, distinguishing why Millennials see low budgetary mental self portrait. Another examination directed by the Pew Research Center recommended Millennials experience more noteworthy institutional doubt than ages earlier. When inquired about the degree of trust Millennials have in power figures, government and budgetary establishments, and the overall population consolidated, just 19%, or one in five, felt as though they can be trusted, a measurement much lower than 40% of Baby Boomers who reacted to a similar inquiry (Cutler, 2015). This institutional doubt Millennials experience might be because of both present and past monetary encounters that have startled them into turning into an intrinsic age of frugal savers, while at the same time being motivation spenders, a point which will be examined in the accompanying examination. The Great Recession in 2008 affected the Millennial generation’s view of financial establishments the same number of either battled through the downturn themselves, or watched the money related unrest their folks experienced. Numerous Millennials portray the Extraordinary Recession as a notice to spare now with an end goal to endure unexpected financial issues later on. The downturn likewise caused numerous Millennials to graduate into a domain troubled by high joblessness rates and bothersome pay rates as employments picked up during the financial recuperation paid on normal 23% not as much as employments before the downturn (Boberiene and McLeigh, 2014). Emily Pachuta, head of financial specialist bits of knowledge at UBA, disclosed that due to the downturn, â€Å"[Millennials] have a Depression-period attitude to a great extent on the grounds that they encountered showcase unpredictability and employer stability gives right on time in their careers.† (Boberiene and McLeigh, 2014). Twenty to thirty year olds are additionally suspicious when talking about government subsidizing, particularly when getting ready for retirement. A Harvard survey found that 51% of Millennials accept there won't be any subsidizing accessible in the Social Security System when they resign. Also, a Wells Fargo Millennial Study found that over half of Millennials have as of now begun designating anyplace between 1% to 10% of their check to retirement subsidizing. Another Harvard survey noticed that youngsters feel a disassociation between their needs and the needs of chose authorities as they see viable outcomes from political inclusion as rare (Rampell, 2014). A 2014 article from the Grand Rapids Business Journal contends the 2008 Great Recession made Millennials hesitant about putting resources into money related markets, making this craving for tra

How to Fix Your Relationship After You Cheated

How to Fix Your Relationship After You Cheated Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print How to Fix Your Relationship After You Cheated By Sheri Stritof Sheri Stritof has written about marriage and relationships for 20 years. Shes the co-author of The Everything Great Marriage Book. Learn about our editorial policy Sheri Stritof Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on January 26, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on January 26, 2020 10000Hours / DigitalVision / Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse If you made the mistake of cheating and got caught, you may now be asking the question, now what? Your marriage does not necessarily have to end because you had an affair. Even though admitting an affair to your spouse will cause much heartache and anger, your marriage can survive. This will only happen if you truly regret your decision to cheat and if you are not just having regrets that you got caught. If you decide to confess an affair, make sure you are doing it for the right reasons, not just to get rid of your own guilt. Some people use affairs as a way to end the marriage. There is such immense unhappiness that an affair has developed to fill the void. Regardless of the reasons, some marriages will be salvageable and some might come to an end. There are a number of reasons why a relationship might not survive an affair. When the betrayal is too painful or when both partners are not committed to mending the damage, it is likely that the marriage will end. Deciding the relationship is not salvageable after infidelity can be a painful but sometimes necessary conclusion. If you both decide to try to save your marriage, there are steps you must take. To rebuild your marriage and heal the hurt and mistrust your spouse feels after you cheated, you will have several particulars that you need to accomplish: Stop Cheating This sounds simple enough, but you would be surprised how hard it is for people to end the affair once and for all. Your marriage cannot survive if you choose to continue to engage in infidelity. Do not have any contact whatsoever with the other person. Stop Lying Quit making excuses for the affair. Do not try to justify your adultery. There is no justification for cheating. While there may have been a number of factors that contributed to your behavior, you need to remember that you chose your actions. Accept Responsibility Do not blame your spouse. You had a choice. You could have ended your marriage before cheating, but you decided to have an affair. Thats on your shoulders alone. Apologize to your spouse. Blaming your partner for your own actions makes it more difficult for your spouse to rebuild the trust that it will take for your marriage to survive the affair.?? Make a Decision Decide if you want to stay married. Find out if your spouse wants to stay married. If you both want to save your marriage, then your marriage isnt doomed. You both have a common goal. Both of you need to be committed to doing the work it will take to rebuild the trust and communication needed for your relationship to keep going. Be Honest You must be honest, with both yourself and with your spouse if you want to move forward. You will have to untangle the web of lies that were likely woven in order to cover up an affair. Now is the time for complete transparency, directness, and openness in order to help your relationship get to solid ground. Honesty in relationships is associated with lower conflict, but it is important for both partners to agree on these standards and talk about them often.?? Keep Your Promises If you say you are going to be somewhere, be there. If you say you are going to do something, do it. Be dependable and dont break your promises. You cant help your spouse rebuild trust if you are not dependable and reliable. Be Open Your spouses trust level is low. Be open to let your spouse know where you are, who you are with, and so on. Do not be secretive or evasive. Hiding things from your partner will only deepen their mistrust in you and your commitment to the relationship. It is normal for your partner to feel betrayed and to be mistrustful. Acknowledge your spouses feelings and work toward rebuilding the trust that you have betrayed. Communicate Research has shown that not being able to talk to one another is one of the most commonly cited reasons why marriages fail.??  Be willing to listen and talk to your partner. Give Your Spouse Some Space It is okay to take a timeout if emotions are running high or one of you is emotionally triggered. This does not mean you or your spouse will take off for an extended period of time. It just means that things need to cool down before you can be around each other again or talk about difficult topics. Spend Time With Your Spouse Along with letting your spouse have some alone time, you need to have together time too. Plan date nights and, when your spouse is ready, consider taking a getaway away together. Be Patient Do not expect your spouse to trust you again right away. It will take time to regain your spouses trust. Agree to Get Professional Help If your spouse wants to see a marriage counselor, say yes. Saying no shows you really arent serious about rebuilding your marriage. You need to be open to discussing and identifying issues and problems in your own personal life and in your marriage. Emotionally-focused couples therapy is a good modality for working through the pain of infidelity and to help rebuild new ways of interacting with each other. While there is not a great deal of research on outcomes for couples who seek therapy after an affair, some evidence suggests that those who seek professional help often have optimistic results and are able to repair their relationship.?? The 6 Best Online Marriage Counseling Programs Accept the End of Your Marriage as You Know It Even if you stay together, your marriage as you knew it ended with the affair. Build your new marriage together with honesty and love and look to your future together, not to the past. Be Willing to Forgive You need to forgive yourself. This doesnt mean you can let yourself off the hook, but you dont need to carry buckets of guilt for the rest of your life. In one study looking at how couples rebuild their marriage after an affair, researchers found that while the process was difficult, forgiveness played a critical role. Other actions such as social support, changed couple dynamics, and counseling also played important roles.?? A Word From Verywell You (or you both) may have been unhappy in your marriage for a long time. Cheating is not the answer as it is sure to make things worse, even if it felt good in the beginning. It is the courageous choice to see if you can honor your vows and do the necessary work to heal your relationship and move forward.

Why God Allows Suffering - 731 Words

Everyone goes through suffering at some point in their lives, but many of them never really understand why a good, loving God allows them to go through this pain. Sometimes, it is even hard for them to trust God in their lives when they are going through suffering. They start to question God because if He is such a good and loving God, why would He not just take away their suffering. What most of them dont realize, though, is that God never actually wanted people to go through suffering. It was actually the fault of mankind that there is suffering because they sinned and turned away from God. Although it is not God who causes suffering, He still uses it for good. Many times, God uses it to draw people closer to Him because if they are going through pain, they are very likely to turn to Him. He also teaches lessons to those who suffer and shows who He wants them to be. God is at work in many lives transforming suffering into something great even if it does not seem good at the time. A lthough humans view suffering as horrible, God has a plan for the future. At times it may seem like God causes suffering, but actually it is the fault of mankind. In the beginning, God created everyone to have free will because He knew that without free will, no one would be able to make their own choices (Life on Hold). Without being able to make their own choices, there would be no real love because everyone would be forced to love. Everyone would all be programmed to do the same thing, soShow MoreRelatedWhy Does God Allow Suffering?1159 Words   |  5 PagesWhy does god allow suffering to happen in our world? The first five words of that sentence have been repeated probably since the beginning of religion itself. The majority of people have more than likely asked this question when they were present in a moment of suffering or tragedy. God does â€Å"allow† suffering, but he does not â€Å"cause† it. In order for the people of God to be completely free to love and serve the Lord in the greatest way possible, there has to be free will and free choice. WeRead MoreWhy Does God Allow Suffering Essay2750 Words   |  11 PagesWhy Does God allow suffering? This question is probably as old as religion itself. It is a stumbling block for some of us, and for many more at given moments of tragedy. There are as many answers to this question as there are people who care to engage in theological dialogue. One understanding is that yes, God allows bad things to happen; God does not cause them to happen. Most bad things which happen do so because God gives a radical freedom to Gods people; we are free people, not puppetsRead More Shadowlands: Why Does God Allow Pain and Suffering?‎ Essay682 Words   |  3 PagesIf God loves us, why does He allow us to suffer? The central question in Shadowlands challenges traditional religious and moral conventions. It is a question asked by many, with few satisfactory answers. Before attempting to answer the question, and explore its relationship to Shadowlands, let us first define the question, so its implications may be more clearly understood. At the heart of the question is a doubt in the goodness of God, If God loves us. From the beginning it is clear that God isRead MoreThe J.B. by Archibald MacLeish Argues Why God Allows Evil and Suffering1258 Words   |  6 PagesIf God is powerful and loving the humankind, then why does He permit evil as well as suffering in this world? Various answers had been offered by many Christian philosopher s and many victims of suffering, but there was not a lucid answer that could settle this argument permanently. God uses malicious acts of this world to rise up His own people and remind them that there is an opportunity that they can posses their eternal life. Literature, especially biblical literature has exploited this biblicalRead MoreWhy Are the Good Allowed to Suffer? From Senecas On Providence and The Bible1287 Words   |  6 Pagesquestions of all time: if there are gods who have control over humans’ lives, why do they allow good followers to suffer? How can there be any justice in that kind of world? Philosophers and thinkers like Seneca and authors of the Bible have debated and written about these questions since ancient times. Perhaps because hardships affect every person, many people continue to debate the same topics today. Seneca writes extensively about the topic of suffering in his essay â€Å"On Providence,† whichRead MoreThe Most Significant Perio d Of Suffering1549 Words   |  7 Pagesperiod of suffering I have gone through was when I lost my grandfather. I remember we had celebrated his 50th birthday never did imagine it would be the last. That horrible news impacts my life forever realizing that we don’t count for a tomorrow. His death was suddenly due to an embolism. His death caused me a lot of suffering because he was not sick and we had made a lot of plans. I did not know how to deal with his death because I was heartbroken. I wonder and questioned if maybe only God had givenRead MoreTheories on the Existence of God1110 Words   |  5 Pagesviews on God. Does he exist? Does he not exist? These questions can be argued with countless theories as to why he does exist and how there is no way that he does not exist or he does not exist and there is no way that he does exist. Theists would argue that God does exist and there is good reason to think that he exists. Agnostics, Atheists, and Fideists, on the other hand would argue that there is no good reason to think that God exists. For some people they have no doubt that God existsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Rebellion 1156 Words   |  5 Pages Does God exists? If He does exist, why does he allow evil? Why doesn’t He prevent bad things from happening? Since the origin of the world many people have doubted their faiths. When it comes to answering the question about God’s existence people have been divided into three different groups; theist, atheist, and agnostic. Theists are those who believe in God without doubting. Atheists do not believe in God at all. Agnostics cannot make up their minds because they do not have enough evidenceRead MoreThe Vs. Teleological Defence1256 Words   |  6 PagesGiven that evil and suffering exist within the world, there cannot exist an omnipotent, all-loving, perfect, ontologically separate God. In the early 21st century much evil has risen, such as terrorism, poverty, convivial dispute and the continual surge of natural disasters destroying land, homes and killing thousands of people. With all of this famine humans are experiencing on a daily basis, it seems inconceivable that an omnipotent, all-loving, ontologically separate God can exist. Despite theRead MoreFor God So Loved the World Essays923 Words   |  4 PagesFor God So Loved the World Even though I was only a small child, I remember the cold, fall day that I accompanied my father to a nearby cemetery. As we stood above three tiny graves, I recall the tears streaming down my father’s face and the anguish in his eyes. My father was reluctant to explain why we were there for fear that I was just too young and innocent to understand the horrid circumstances involved. He didn’t have to explain. I knew exactly why we were there. Word had already

alan turing Essay - 1102 Words

Alan Turning nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Alan Turning is known to be a pioneer of many facets of the computer age. The digital computer, artificial intelligence, memory subroutines, the Turning Machine, the Turing Test, and the application of algorithms to computers are all ideas somehow related to this man. Alan Mathison Turing was born in Paddington, London, on June 23, 1912. He was a precocious child and began his interests in science and mathematics at a young age, but was never concerned about other right-brain classes such as English. This continued until an important friend of his passed away and set Turing on a path to achieve what his friend could no longer accomplish. When his friend Christopher Morcom died, Turing was†¦show more content†¦At any point when the Turing Machine is operating it can read or write on one of these cells, the cell located under the read/write head. One aspect that set the Turning Machine apart from other computational machines of the same period was that the Turing Machine was designed to perform many functions. It could do any function that was fed to it on this tape that acted as an algorithm, whereas, other computational machines at that time were designed to perform only one task. The concept of the Turing Machine was then similar to the digital computers used today. Soon WWII began in Europe. During WWII, Turing was called by the Department of Communications in Great Britain. He was asked to help decipher the German codes that they were using to scramble their communications. The Germans had developed a sophisticated computer call the Enigma. It was able to generate a constantly changing code that was impossible for the code breakers to decipher in a timely fashion. Turing aided in the development of another computer used by Great Britain called Collossus that was able to decipher the communications coded by Enigma thus aided in the defeat of the Germans in WWII. After the war, Turing carried out many tasks. He became a very successful distance runner, at one point considering the Olympics. He Furthered his development of a true digital computer by creating the Automatic Computing Engine (ACE) while working for the National Physical Laboratory (NPL). Before completingShow MoreRelatedbiography of Alan Turing Essay3963 Words   |  16 Pagesï » ¿A Biography of Alan Turing, with Mathematics. From the middle name one may suspect a certain class value,although the Math bit is a strange coincidence. His father went to Oxford and then worked for the Indian Civil Service. His mothers father also worked in India. He was born in 1912, their second son. 1926 his father retired so perhaps he had something of normal family life from then on. Went to Sherborne, one of older public schools. Whilst there he became a close friend of ChristopherRead MoreComputing Machinery And Intelligence By Alan Turing2108 Words   |  9 Pagesmake decisions based on an input from an end user. For example Apples ‘Siri’ service turns voice commands in visual and audio responses. Alan Turing put this argument forward in his 1950 paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence†. His opening pages of the paper begin with the words; I propose to consider the question, Can machines think?† (Alan Turing 1950). My main argument to this is that a computer does not have the ability to think, primarily because it was created rather than ‘born andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Imitation Game By Alan Turing1334 Words   |  6 Pagesappropriate? How or more so who decides what is appropriate? These questions have been asked, debated, and fought over since the dawn of civilization. The rhetor of the movie The Imitation Game integrates these questions into the true story of Alan Turing and the people around him. The rhetor allows these questions of appropriateness to be narrowed down to two very influential people in history to give these large, foundational questions a more personal touch, and for the audience to see the veryRead MoreAnalysis Of Alan Turing s Idea Of Can Computers Think?1664 Words   |  7 Pages4) Make a case for or against Artificial Intelligence from a logistical or ideological standpoint. Refer to the work of Alan Turing in your response. Alan Turing’s idea of ‘can computers think? Is challenged with how complex the human brain is and how computers only know what they are programmed with, even though ‘Deep Blue’(Deep Blue (Chess Computer)) Was able to beat chess champion Garry Kasparov in game one of a six-game match on the 10th of February 1996. Artificial Intelligence can notRead MoreComputing Machinery And Intelligence By Alan Turing1469 Words   |  6 PagesIn his paper â€Å"Computing Machinery and Intelligence,† Alan Turing sets out to answer the question of whether machines can think in the same humans can by conceptualizing the question in concrete terms. In simple terms, Turing redefines the question by posing whether a machine can replicate the cognition of a human being. Yet, some may object to the notion that Turing’s new question effectively captures the nature of machines’ capacity for thought or consciousness, such as John Searle. In his ChineseRead Mor eHave you ever wondered who invented the modern computers we use today?Now, you would probably say1000 Words   |  4 Pagescomputers were invented by Alan Turing. He invented the Turing Machine, which is a computer that could process anything. In other words he created the first programing language. Not only did he contribute to computer science, but also in biology, chemistry, physics, and especially mathematics. He has countless number of achievements including his contribution of cracking the Nazi enigma code, which seemed at that time, â€Å"unbreakable†. Now lets dive into the life of Alan. Now where is better to startRead MoreSmart Cities716 Words   |  3 Pagesfuture, but are happening now and the World Wide Web of the Internet has been the greatest tool in achieving it. In fact there are examples of Smart cities in the past such as Bletchley Park, where Professor Alan Turing deciphered the infamous Nazi cipher Enigma machine during World War II. Alan Turing who is often called the father of modern computing, is only fitting that he too once lived in a smart city that changed the course of history and we know and live now. Compared to the early 21st centuryRead MoreStack Structure Essay855 Words   |  4 Pagesthat could be used in future references. Stacks was developed by a guy named Alan M. Turing. According to the CIA government information on Turing, he is an English mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and founder of computer science(Enigma, 2015). He was born in London, 23 June 1912, to upper-middle-class British parents who raised him in a traditional schooling system that was ran by the British imperial system. Turing entered the computer science world in his computer design where he uses theRead MoreContributions to Digital Computing of Alan Turring Essay559 Words   |  3 PagesContributions to Digital Computing of Alan Turring Alan Turing was a dedicated mathematician who devoted his lives works to developing computer knowledge, as we know it today. Alan was born in London, England on June 23, 1912. Alan soon began to attend a local school and his interest in the science fields arose. His teachers an others would try and make him concentrate on other fields such as History an English but his craving for knowledge of mathematics drove him the opposite way. Turing’sRead MoreArtificial Intelligence : The Science And The Future Utilization Of The Ai1349 Words   |  6 Pagespeople ought to have the capacity to do the majority of the things people can do. People can think, thus additionally ought to any machine having human-level knowledge. Alan Turing guaranteed that it was excessively troublesome, making it impossible to characterize considering. Rather he proposed what has come to be known as the Turing test . To breeze through the test, a machine must be capable, as a general rule, to persuade h uman members in suitably arranged mysterious dialogs that they are speaking

Gardenia Bread Philippines Free Essays

1. Francisco Alonso Liongson  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Outstanding Philippine playwright in Spanish and founding president of Circulo Escenico, Pampanga’s Spanish theatrical group that became nationally renowned. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Gardenia Bread Philippines or any similar topic only for you Order Now Aurelio Tolentino  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ one of the mystics of the  Katipunan, a compadre of  Andres Bonifacio, a nationalist writer in both Kapampangan and Tagalog. He coined the worddula  for drama and ironically became known in history as the Father of Tagalog Drama for his anti-US colonial masterpiece  Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas. A theatre at the Cultural Center of the Philippines is named  Tanghalang Aurelio Tolentino  in his honor. 3. Jose Abad Santos  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ First Kapampangan to become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. After Pres. Manuel L. Quezon and Vice-President Sergio Osmena left Philippine soil for the safety in America, Justice Abad Santos was the highest ranking official of the Philippine government until his execution on May 2, 1942 by the Japanese Imperial Army for his refusal to cooperate. 4. Sotero Baluyot- Provincial governor during the Commonwealth, he formed an organization known as â€Å"Cawal ning Capayan,† described as â€Å"the largest amd most powerful provincial organization† of its time (Sturtevant, Popular Uprisings in the Philippines: 1840-1949). Although it claimed to be a â€Å"conservative labor union,† it was, in fact, a strike-breaking group of â€Å"Fascist thugs,† as the communists called them. (Pol Kekai Manansala). 5. Rosalina Icban Castro  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Married to Jose Luna Castro, and while born in Rosales, Pangasinan, both her parents are from Pampanga and she speaks Kapampangan fluently. Obtained an   M. A. in English at Syracuse University , was a professor in English   at U. E. for several decades. During all her years as an educator, she was sought by researchers in Kapampangan literature for her intimate knowledge of Kapampangan writing. She is the author of â€Å"The Literature of the Pampangos – an anthology and at the same time a political literary history. (ref. E. H. Lacson) (Ernie Turla) 6. Jose Luna Castro  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Born on March 4, l9l5 in Manila to Faustino Castro and Claudia Luna – both of Lubao, Pampanga. Finished High school at Pampanga High. Finished his M. A. in Journalism and political science at Syracuse University. He became president of the Asian Institute of Journalism and has held such high positions as press counselor of the Phil. Embassy in Peking, editor of the Manila Times (l959 – l972), editor-in-chief of the Times-Journal. He was a lecturer in   Journalism at U. P. and an Eisenhower Fellow in l970. He participated in international meetings in the U. S. , Korea,   Thailand, Singapore and Japan. He authored â€Å"Journalism Handbook†. (ref. E. H. Lacson) (Ernie Turla). 7. Virgilio David  of Bacolor, PMA graduate, retired Philippine Army general and former Anti-Drug chief during the presidency of Cory Aquino, business executive and government agency director (by Alejandro S. Camiling). 8. Lito Lapid  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a famous star turned politician. He became governor of Pampanga and later became a member of the Philippine senate. 9. Lorna Tolentino  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is an actress, host, executive producer and wife of fellow Kapampangan actor  Rudy Fernandez. She was born in Concepcion, Tarlac and was raised in Manila. 10. Lea Salonga  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is a Tony Award-winning singer and actress who is best known for her portrayal of Kim in the musical Miss Saigon. She spent the first six years of her childhood in Angeles City before moving to Manila. 11. Melanie Marquez  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is a popular beauty queen-turned-actress who hails from Mabalacat. She was Miss International 1979 and was voted as the Most Beautiful Miss International in 2000. She’s also a sister of another local actor,  Joey Marquez. 12. Efren â€Å"Bata† Reyes  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is referred to as â€Å"The Magician† and a very popular Filipino billiards player who hails from Angeles City. He is considered to be one of history’s greatest practitioners of billiards. 13. Artemio Panganiban  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 21st Supreme Court Chief Justice of the Philippines. His ancestors originated from Pampanga and then later generations migrated to Manila. 14. Herminia â€Å"Minang† Dizon. Girlfriend of Ray Hunt (author of Behind Japanese Lines), who wrote: â€Å"Minang was a schoolteacher before the war and a most remarkable individual. The only word to describe her would be ‘fierce. ‘ She had taken up with Maj. Claude Thorpe before the fall of Bataan †¦ and she had been captured with Thorpe. .. some of her captors were quite taken with her. One high ranking Japanese officer even offered to take her with him when his countrymen conquered Australia †¦ One day Minang got a chance to escape and did so, but her life was precarious in the extreme because she was pursued not only by the Japanese but by the communist guerrillas (Huks), who hated her, and by her uncle who wanted her killed †¦ tough and resourceful woman. She was not especially pretty, though she did have flashing eyes, but she was intelligent, well organized, and articulate. †¦ I soon became smitten with her and she with me. †¦ Though she was just a slip of a girl who weighed no more than 90 pounds and could stand under my outstretched arm, no lion ever had a stouter heart. Near the end of the war †¦ she was commiss ioned a lieutenant in recognition of her wartime services. † [source: â€Å"Behind Japanese Lines† by Ray C. Hunt and Bernard Norling, 1986, 333 pages] (by Pol Kekai Manansala) 5. Armando Q. Madamba  of San Fernando, PMA graduate, Philippine Navy commodore, a staunch advocate of the modernization of the Philippine Navy, senior staff member, Armed Forces of the Philippines Joint Chiefs of Staff and served as military attache in the Middle East (by Alejandro S. Camiling). 16. Marco G. Palo. A resident of Angeles City, was arrested in Feb. 1982 with other trade union organizers; severely tortured and was hospitalized as a result of this. Detained at the Bicutan Rehabilitation Center for two years and charged with conspiracy to commit subversion. Re-arrested in 1988 with alleged leaders of the CPP-NPA. and detained at the Camp Crame PC stockade. Charged with rebellion and released after two years (Dave Nepomuceno). 17. Senator Gil Puyat. Son of the pioneer Pampangan industrialist, Don Gonzalo Puyat. Graduated in l929 in Business Administration (cum laude) from U. P. where he became a dean in its department of economics. First elected senator in l955, he was consistently named â€Å"One of the Five Most Outstanding Senators† every year. He became the President of the Senate in l967. Very popular and well-known, and a notable economist Senator Puyat became Majority Floor Leader in the Senate. He hails from Guagua — he loved the people of Guagua such that he was instrumental in constructing several public works such as the bridges leading to Barrio Santa Filomena and the plaza in front of the town church . Buendia   Ave. in Makati is now renamed after him. (Andro Camiilng) (E. H. Lacson) (Ernie   Turla) 18. Rosa Danon Rosal  . More popularly known by her screen name of Rosa Rosal, born in Manila 16 October 1931 to Julio Danon and Gloria Lansang (from which town of Pampanga? , lived in garage for 16 years, sold sweepstakes tickets starting at six years old, studied at Antonio Regidor Elementary School. secondary schooling at Arellano High School. Worked at National Coconut Corporation as weaver, moved to soap factory where she pounded and shaped soap cakes under the sun, promoted to wrapping department, learned typing on old typewriter and worked as se cretary. â€Å"Discovered† while watching shooting of a film and starred in film â€Å"Kamagong† (I remember this film–weren’t parts of it shot at the Don Pepe Henson house in Angeles. I seem to remember being aware of the shooting when I was a little girl. ). Finished secondary schooling between movies. Won best actress for Sonny Boy (1956), won highest award in Southeast Asian film festival in HK in 1956 for Anak Dalita, leading to presidential award from Magsaysay. Refused to start in bomba films and instead devoted energies to social work and rearing of daughter (didn’t she become famous too? ). Gave up weekly TV show for lesser paying daily show called Damayan to help socially disadvantaged. Active in innumerable socio-civic areas ranging from promotional activities for Red Cross to relief work. Recipient of countless awards and citations from movie, civic, and religious organizations for humanitarian work, including the Outstanding Pampanguena Award in 1979. When asked why she’s so dedicated to the poor, she replied: â€Å"I have been poor and I know how it feels to be pushed around. † (Pat Sutter) 19. Lilia Garcia â€Å"Baby† Pineda  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Lubao town mayor who was elected president of the Pampanga Mayors League and more recently, as vice president for Luzon in the League of Municipalities, the umbrella organization of 1,540 towns in the Philippines. She does a great deal of humanitarian work, including helping in the resettlement of people in lahar-devasted areas. A well-known philantropist, she financially helps the poor in Pampanga especially families who cannot afford to send their children to college. Way back in the 60’s, she was among the outstanding students in this author’s class. (Ernie Turla) 20. Sixto V. Torres, Sr. of Apalit, former regional director and deputy commisioner of the Land Transportation Commision of the Philippines and founder of the Gonzales Memorial College (by Alejandro S. Camiling). How to cite Gardenia Bread Philippines, Essay examples

Yoel Yoel free essay sample

Yoel Yoel English comp 1March 05/02/2018Essay #3 persuasive Why Go to Community College?In a recent college survey student were asked if a community college is the best way to start; 80% said its the best way to start school. time magazine. While people prefer beginning at four-year university, I believe community colleges are the best way to start. First attending a community college before a university is less expensive. In a time, magazine article, researchers found that a student in a four-year university spends average 5-8 thousand dollars for a semester while a student in a community college spends average 2-3 thousand a semester. That is four to five thousand dollars cheaper than a university. They could possibly live at home for cheap and can continue to work at a high school job and save up to transfer. Its less competition to get a scholarship for academics or sports. Typically, community colleges are smaller, so students can benefit classes that are not far from each other, so it doesnt take long to get from one class to another even if they are on separate sides of the campus. We will write a custom essay sample on Yoel Yoel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In a smaller class, professors have the opportunity to learn more about their students. Students in turn find their teachers more accessible and can get assistance when they need it. Community colleges offer a wide variety of support services to assist students in improving their skills in reading, writing, and mathematics.Miscellaneous Community colleges also give you more opportunities to become involved in extracurricular activities and you can act as bridge between home and high school and complete independence. Transferability is not a problem, you will get help with basic courses that may not be in your field of expertise. As a result, I think it is a wise choice to think to go college before a university. People who go to a university have a lot trouble finding a job which can prevent them to pay their student loans after they graduate. Community colleges offer a chance for students to start their lives when they prefer. It is a beginning of a dream for some people who will later seek attending a university to master their knowledge. Once students spend two years at a community college, they are prepared to move to the next step, transferring from a community college to a University is a benefit for many students.

NTUC FairPrice Co-operative Limited Essay Example

NTUC FairPrice Co NTUC FairPrice Co-operative Limited Essay NTUC FairPrice Co-operative Limited Essay NTUC FairPrice Co-operative Limited is one of Singapore’s largest chains of supermarkets, department stores and convenience stores. It was founded in 1973 by the Singaporean labor union with the objective of influencing Singapore’s high cost of living through the implementation of regulated pricing on many everyday consumer goods. Currently, FairPrice’s vast 130-outlet supermarket chain includes concepts like FairPrice Finest, Fairprice Xtra and Fairprice Supermarkets. Meanwhile, Fairprice also maintains two convenience store lines namely: FairPrice Express and Cheers- with both having a combined network of more than 150 branches. In response to the growing demand for online shopping, the company has also launched FreshPrice Online- a web platform that enables shoppers to buy their groceries online and have them delivered straight to their homes. FairPrice’s multiple and diverse selling channels enable them to serve more than half a million customers on a daily basis (FairPrice, 2017). According to Bloomberg (2017), FairPrice’s outlets offer mainly products like food items, beverages, frozen goods, fresh produce, alcohol, toiletries, health and beauty items and other similar merchandise. Aside from its regular retail and grocery operation, the company also maintains warehousing, trading and distribution businesses. PESTEL Analysis Political Factors Political factors pertain to the degree of influence and capacity of governments to intervene in the operations of businesses through public policy, tax laws, import and export restrictions and other trade regulations (Aguilar, 1967). Singapore, being a largely commercial and highly urbanized country, is mostly unable to grow its own agricultural products that are needed in the production of food and beverage goods. This being the case, the country is largely dependent on international trade with countries like the United States, Australia, a large part of Europe and the Middle East. The country maintains a relatively open economy- being able to conduct business with the aforementioned countries with minimal sanctions and restrictions. In fact, the Singaporean government does not impose any import taxes on most food and beverage products with the exception of tobacco and alcoholic goods. The government’s openness on international trade may implicate a great advantage for FairPrice whose merchandise are primarily imported food and beverage goods (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, 2015). Economic Factors Economic factors pertain to key trends concerning consumer’s disposable income, general unemployment levels, interest rates, inflation rates and other economic indicators that can affect a populace’s willingness and ability to buy and to consume goods (Aguilar, 1967). According to Tang (2017), despite the general slowdown of the Singaporean economy in the recent years, the country achieved higher than expected economic growth in the final quarters of 2016. In fact, Singapore’s economy expanded by 1. 8 percent from 2015 to 2016. The country’s gross domestic product also grew by at least 9. % during the final quarter of the year. While this proves to be a positive sign for the economy, he still warns that 2017 may be marred with dismal business growth and a lack of consumer confidence as the Singaporean economy may get affected by the continued weakening of the Euro, the slowdown of the Chinese economy and the protectorate stance of the Trump administration. These events along with the fact that Singapore continues to be one of Asia’s most expensive cities to live in can cause great concern for customers and may seriously affect their ability to spend on consumer goods. Social Factors Social factors primarily pertain to the general behavior and mindset of a group of consumers. Particularly, it can pertain to their current set of preferences as dictated by their demographic profile, psychographic dispositions and the presence of new trends in the market (Aguilar, 1967). Singapore’s populace is generally characterized by a highly productive and fast-paced workforce. In fact, Singaporeans are known to clock in an average of 46 working hours per week- one of the highest in the world (Ministry of Manpower, 2015). This may have led many customers to develop of culture of convenience- opting for activities and services that can help them save time and be more productive. Firstly, this could mean a sustained increase for demand of instant and easily prepared food items. Secondly, it could also mean that more and more users are open to trying and subscribing to their online platform. Technological Factors Technological factors pertain to the advancements that can significantly improve a business’ internal and external operations. They may pertain to new discoveries that can help create new products or services or to new innovations that can streamline systems and costs (Aguilar, 1967). Being a highly urbanized society, the Singaporean market has become highly dependent on technology. This includes grocery shopping. In a study conducted by Shandwick (2014) about general grocery shopping behavior, more than 60% of the respondents claimed to prefer buying instant and readily prepared meals and goods. In the same year, more than 200,000 shoppers bought their groceries online to be able to save time and effort in shopping for their everyday needs (Jenner, 2016). This could imply a huge opportunity to grow FreshPrice Online. Environmental Factors Environmental factors pertain to the general attitude of customers and the stance of the government when it comes to preservation of the natural environment. The company may be affected by laws on waste management, energy consumption regulations, general environment protection sanctions and even the public’s perception on a company’s responsiveness to environmental issues. According to National Environment Agency (2017), Singapore’s daily solid waste output has reached 8,400 tons a day- marking an eight-fold increase from its waste output from the 1970s. This continuously increasing trend has forced the Singaporean government to implement a more systematic public waste collection scheme and a more stringent illegal dumping law. Being one of the largest producers of solid food waste in the country, FairPrice took a proactive stance and led the implementation of the Food Waste Index that essential measures and tracks the waste the company produces on a periodic basis. It is the first step towards the implementation of other key initiatives (Zero Waste Singapore, 2015). Legal Factors Legal factors pertain to the stringency of the government and other governing bodies in key aspects of business operations. These factors may cover employment regulations, workplace safety requirements, product testing procedures, anti-trust laws, competitive regulations and other similar factors. According to Shaffer (2013), Singapore’s fairly controversial position of limiting the influx of foreign laborers in the country had significant detrimental effects on many food and retail establishments. Since as much as 40% of Singapore’s population can be considered foreigners, the government’s stance has cut businesses’ access to affordable labor- hampering their ability to expand swiftly. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Threat of New Entrants (Low) The threat of new entrants in any industry implicates the possibility of losing market share to new players, hence having to split returns and profits amongst many competitors (Porter, 1985). In the case of FairPrice, the threat of new entrants can be considered low. Firstly, entering the supermarket and grocery industry requires substantially large capital to be devoted to the purchase of expensive real estate, building and infrastructure requirements as well as the different facilities and fixtures used in day to day operations. The business will also require huge investments in inventories, warehousing and wages for the labor force. Bargaining Power of Buyers (Moderate) The bargaining power of buyers implies the customer’s influence and capability to put pressure on the company to make changes in their strategies (Porter, 1985). In the case of FairPrice, this can be considered only moderately threatening. For instance, individual customers purchase in relatively small quantities which create a fairly insignificant portion of the company’s total sales. The decisions of one customer may prove immaterial in the long run. However, in the unlikely scenario where FairPrice decides to increase prices or suffers from the poor service of their personnel, it is not impossible for customers to opt for different supermarkets. Bargaining Power of Suppliers (Low) Likewise, the bargaining power of suppliers pertains to their ability to put pressure and influence the strategic decisions of a company. Because of the scale of FairPrice’s operations, the bargaining power of suppliers can be considered significantly low. Suppliers may prove to be very careful in negotiating and doing business with a client of over a hundred branches as they may be easily replaced with a different brand. In fact, FairPrice may have enough leverage to demand the lowest prices and the biggest margins from its many suppliers. Threat of Substitutes (Moderate) The threat of substitutes pertains to the propensity of current customers to try out alternative products and services (Porter, 1985). In the case of FairPrice, this can be considered as a moderate threat. On one hand, online shopping has yet to capture a significant portion of the market to be considered highly threatening. However, the threat for substitutes can be considered relatively high in some product lines that FairPrice is carrying such as alcoholic beverages, hair care products, cosmetics and others similar goods. Customers may easily opt to purchase them in other shops such as liquor shops, drugstores and the like. Competitive Rivalry (High) FairPrice has equally popular and trusted competitors in the likes of Dairy Farm Singapore, Sheng Siong and Cold Storage (Singapore Business Review, 2012). Because the prices for consumer goods are relatively transparent and easily comparable, small variations in pricing can cause customers to prefer a competitor over another. Besides the proximity of the grocery stores from their residences or offices, there is very little motivation to keep customers loyal to a single line of grocery. Management Recommendations Prioritization of FairPrice Online While it can be said that there is still minimal demand for online grocery shopping, the steadily increasing adoption rates and customer usage suggest that the channel can be a significant contributor to sales in the next few years. If FairPrice could occupy and dominate the online grocery shopping market first, it may help avert tight competition in the future. It may be an opportune time for FairPrice to invest heavily in marketing their platform through the use of social media, in-store advertising through their shops and subsidized promotions amongst many other options to try and raise the adoption level amongst Singaporeans. Creating and Improving Customer Loyalty Programs The Five Forces Analysis reveals that while FairPrice can be considered one of the stronger players in the grocery market, it is still susceptible from losing customers due to tight competition. One way to address such an issue is improve the already-existing NTUC Plus Card which entitled frequent buyers to rebates. Instead of just offering rebates, allowing loyal customers to choose from a wider range of rewards like free travel, discounted spa treatments, and other lifestyle-based rewards could prove compelling. In addition, FairPrice could tie up with leading electronics, luxury or fashion brands and have them offer exclusive deals to the most loyal customers. Maximizing Environmental Programs FairPrice’s proactive stance on environmental programs could be a source of sustainable competitive advantage. FairPrice may invest in a full-blown department solely devoted in studying its environmental and waste footprint and finding ways to reduce them through technology. Firstly, such an investment can pay off in savings from avoiding waste products. Secondly, FairPrice can strengthen the reputation of its brand. Reinforcement of Concepts’ Branding While the FairPrice brand remains popular and distinct, the concepts under it like FairPrice Xtra and FairPrice Fresh amongst others may benefit from further brand building. By differentiating and specializing each one, they could occupy different spaces in the market and further reinforce the market leadership of FairPrice. A good start could be the launch and maintenance of separate marketing communications campaigns for each one. Conclusion The PESTEL Analysis reveals a relatively favorable external environment for the continuous growth of Fair Price. Despite the underperformance of the economy, the Singaporean government remains very supportive of major business activities like importation and exportation. Technological advancement has made it easier to cope with an ever-changing changing customer profile and preference. And by taking a proactive stance, FairPrice is able to manage most environmental and legal issues surrounding their business. On the other hand, the Five Forces Analysis reveals the innate strength of the FairPrice brand and organization. With the large scale and span of its operations, FairPrice is susceptible to few risk factors aside from the perennially tight competition amongst players.

10 Facts About the Element Chromium

10 Facts About the Element Chromium Here are 10 fun and interesting facts about the element chromium, a shiny blue-gray transition metal. Chromium has atomic number 24. It is the first element in Group 6 on the Periodic Table,  with an atomic weight of 51.996 and density of 7.19 grams per cubic centimeter.Chromium is a hard, lustrous, steel-gray metal.  Chromium may be highly polished. Like many transition metals, it has a high melting point (1907 degrees C, 3465 degrees F) and high boiling point (2671 degrees C, 4840 degrees F).Stainless steel is hard and resists corrosion due to the addition of chromium.Chromium is the only element which shows antiferromagnetic ordering in its solid state at and below room temperature. Chromium becomes paramagnetic above 38 degrees C.  The elements magnetic properties are among its most notable characteristics.Trace amounts of trivalent chromium are needed for lipid and sugar metabolism. Hexavalent chromium and its compounds are extremely toxic and also carcinogenic. The 1, 4, and 5 oxidation states also occur, although they are less common.Chromium occurs naturally as a mix of three stable isotopes: Cr-52, Cr-53, and Cr-54. Chromium-52 is the most abundant isotope, accounting for 83.789% of its natural abundance.  19 radioisotopes have been characterized. The most stable isotope is chromium-50, which has a half-life of  over  1.8Ãâ€"1017  years. Chromium is used to prepare pigments (including yellow, red, and green), to color glass green, to color rubies red and emeralds green, in some tanning processes, as a decorative and protective metal coating, and as a catalyst.Chromium in air is passivated by oxygen, forming a protective layer that is essentially a spinel that is a few atoms thick. The coated is metal is usually called chrome.Chromium is the 21st or 22nd most abundant element in the Earths crust. It is present at a concentration of approximately 100 ppm.Most chromium is obtained by mining the mineral chromite. Although it is rare, native chromium also exists. It may be found in kimberlite pipe, where the reducing atmosphere favors the formation of diamond in addition to elemental chromium. Additional Chromium Facts Uses of Chromium About 75 percent to 85 percent of the chromium that is commercially  produced is used to make alloys, such as stainless steel. Most of the remaining chromium is used in the chemical industry and in foundries and refractories. The Discovery and History of Chromium Chromium was discovered by  French chemist Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin in 1797 from a sample of the mineral crocoite (lead chromate). He reacted chromium trioxide (Cr2O3) with charcoal (carbon), which yield needle-like crystals of chromium metal. Although it wasnt purified until the 18th century, people had been using chromium compounds for thousands of years. The Qin Dynasty of China used chromium oxide on their weapons. Although its unclear whether they sought the color of the compounds or the properties, the metal did protect the weapons from degradation. Naming Chromium The name of the element comes from the Greek word chroma, which translates as color. The name chromium was proposed by French chemists Antoine-Franà §ois de Fourcroy and Renà ©-Just Haà ¼y. This reflects the colorful nature of chromium compounds and the popularity of its pigments, which may be found in yellow, orange, green, purple, and black. The color of a compound may be used to predict the oxidation state of the metal.

Aging population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Aging population - Essay Example It secondly followed by south Dakota, which has 10% of youth aged between 20-24 .The youth unemployment rate in this state is only 8.4%.the Third number falls to Lowa state. It has a low rate of 11% of unemployed youths (Christine, pg.3). Increased fertility, migration and mortality rate always have tremendous effects on the overall pattern of people in America. Like in Lowa state, the population is mainly composed of youth due to the increased fertility rate. Majority of Lowa youths marries at an average of twenty three years compared to the typical American average of twenty five years. This leads to increased birth rate across the state thus leading to the increased number of young people. Secondly economic trends have an impact on the age structure (Christine, pg.3). In many states like Lowa and Dakota has attracted many young people due to the employment opportunities they offer. This has attracted many young unemployed Americans in these states thus leading to increase of the young group in these states. California has been affected by both internal and international migration. It has faced steady outflow of young people looking for jobs in other states. As these younger people move north and west in search for jobs, the older population is left behind. This has made Florida to have large proportion of older people compared to other

Knowledge Management and Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Knowledge Management and Strategy - Case Study Example In this case the Australians Mango Industry Association Ltd. (AMIA) must look for ways in which they can create, capture, organize and eventually distribute knowledge from one part of the world to another. Consequently, the latter association needs to ensure that they can easily distribute this knowledge and that it is in fact available to other future users. Knowledge transfer mechanisms are quite different from communication mechanisms because they are more complex. AMIA needs to look for ways in which it can accumulate all the relevant knowledge for entering the Chinese market because there knowledge does not exist in just one form. The association's members could play a contributory role. Additionally, certain sub networks exist that could facilitate knowledge transfer. On top of this, it is likely that the tools and tasks prevalent within the association could go a long way in ascertaining that the company is itself one of the most respectable ones in the business. The latter association needs to put in mind that fact that a large portion of knowledge required to export mangoes to China is tacit hence the need to appropriate transfer mechanisms. There are a series of issues th... Argote (2000) states that the major weaknesses that can hinder knowledge transfer mechanisms are the informal networking activities. The following areas can facilitate these; Task forces Teams Managerial efforts Etc Since AMIA is venturing into unknown territory, then these informal networks have not yet been set. They may present problems in the transfer of knowledge. Additionally, the current situation may prove to be sticky in terms of knowledge transfer because of certain knowledge related factors. These factors can impede progress by AMAI owing to the fact that certain forms of knowledge may be too context specific. This means that there may be knowledge that applies only to Australia and cannot be exported to other parts of the world. This eventually makes such efforts futile. In other scenarios, certain forms of knowledge cannot be transferred by AMIA because it is too ambiguous to derive any form of usefulness from it. In order to acquire knowledge, it is important for people to be motivated to acquire it. In other words, the association needs to look for ways in which it can motive people to want to acquire knowledge. (Shaw, 2001) The need for motivation is important in any country or organization owing to the fact that increased knowledge can cause a disruption in the current working routines and also in the type of organizational practices prevalent within those areas. AMIA needs to dedicate considerable amount of resources and time in allowing them to deal with the issues as they are. Another major problem that is facing AMIA is with regard to the social cultural and also the structural distance between the two countries i.e. Australia and China. The latter association will have difficulties in communication because the two countries speak different

Aluminium Based Metal Matrix Composites

Aluminium Based Metal Matrix Composites 1)  The main factor that influences elastic modulus is the matrix , for example : Composites with a aluminium 6061 matrix have a good strength and higher ductility. The reinforcement content is the main factor in the enhancement of elastic modulus in the aluminium silicon metal matrix composite. The graph below show that aluminium silicon composites with higher strength, because of the increased silicon content, such as 2024/2124 or 7075 Al, had higher strengths but lower ductility. It also shows that the elastic modulus increased with the increase in the silicon content. The matrix type also effects the elastic modulus which typically consists of particulate, nodule or whisker type matrix. (Reference 3) The yield strength is usually effected by the matrix alloy ,type and the arrangement of the reinforcement effect the strengths of composites, in particular for those which have whisker reinforcement and Ductility tends to decrease with the reinforcement content is increased. In fracture toughness tests, an increase in particle quantity reduced the toughness of the composites .The main properties which influence the fracture toughness of MMCs is the type of reinforcement, size, shape, quantity and the distribution within the matrix and the toughness of matrix. The poor fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth rate of MMCs is due to low initiation energy for fracture due to high elastic modulus. The thermal expansion coefficient of aluminium silicon carbide fibres reinforced material is significantly influenced by the thermal stresses between the matrix and fibres and thermal expansion behaviour relies on the thermal expansion of the fibres. For applications subjected to severe loads or extreme thermal  fluctuations such as in automotive components, discontinuously-reinforced metal  matrix composites have been shown to offer near isotropic properties Automotive brake disc and callipers are typically made of cast iron, the use of aluminium silicon MMC, would result in a significant weight reduction of around 50- 60% can be made which helps reduce vehicle fuel consumption and improve overall braking and handling as well as the high thermal conductivity and wear resistance, dimensional stability and excellent cyclic wear properties. Examples of vehicle which have SiC-reinforced aluminium brake disks are vehicles such as the Lotus Elise Volkswagen Lupo. For aluminium composite brake discs to become more common would requires costs to come down and for improved machine ability. Aluminium MMC shows much higher resistance to wear than the matrix material by its self. The wear of MMC is much more linear than the matrix material by self, and therefore makes it possible to predict wear patterns and the amount of use than can be obtain from a component. The reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which provides a useful guide for better control of their wear. (reference 5)MMC shows much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforcement particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wearMMC show s much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforcement particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wearMMC shows much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforce ment particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wear.MMC shows much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforcement particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wear.MMC shows much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and r estrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforcement particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wearMMC shows much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforcement particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wearMMC shows much higher wear resistance than the corresponding matrix material; unlike that of matrix material, the wear of MMC is very much linear and possible to predict easily; the wear mechanism is similar for both materials other than the three-body abrasion in the case of MMC; the reinforced particles resist the abrasion and restrict the deformation of MMCs which causes high resistance to wear. These results reveal the roles of the reinforcement particles on the wear resistance of MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of their wear 3) From data gathered with the use of the CES software it gave for of the most suitable manufacturing method for a metal matrix component with slots in the design. The above graph so that these four production methods were Laser powder forming, squeeze casting, powder injection molding and die press sintering. Several criteria were considering during the material selection such has relative cost index , production rates , tool life and economic batch size. looking at the CES data , it showed that the most suitable production method be die cast and sintering. With die casting and sintering a relatively high rate of production can be achieved whilst keeping the relative cost index low. This is important because it helps lower the cost of aluminium MMC brake disc which are still expensive and not used by many manufactures because of this. Pressing and sintering is a powder processing process that falls in the manufacturing process category of forming .The typical cold pressing and sintering process starts with aluminum silicone MMC in powder being poured into a closed mould. Pressure is then applied to the closed mould at a high enough pressure for the powder to bind together. After the disc is taken out of the mould it is then put through the sintering process. The sintering process begins with the brake disc being heated up in order to burn of any lubricant and is then heated up to a even higher sintering temperature in a protective gas surrounding to prevent oxidization. (reference 2) 4) There has been an increased interest in the use of Aluminium based metal matrix composites in brake discs and drums in recent years. The wear characteristics of AMMCs were high speeds and loads the behaviour could be greatly improved beyond that of cast iron discs, with the correct match of disc and pad material. Casting process is very difficult if reinforcement Material is wet and this can results in non-uniform distribution and poor mechanical characteristics for the finished brake disc. To resolve this problem, reinforcements are pre-heated at 500 °C for 40 minutes. Porosity is the major problem in casting which is why moulds are preheated, to 500 °C, which helps in removing the gases which are trapped in the slurry to go into the mould. It also enhances the mechanical properties of the cast AMC.   Sorter fibres in a random orientation are typically not as strong as long fibres in a specific orientation. However the use of sort fibres in random orientation mean s that less human interaction is required in the production and therefore helps brings the cost of production and well as minimising the possibly of something going wrong in the production process my eliminating human error. SiC/Al composites have increased strength with the increase in the silicone content and had higher strengths but lower ductility. The use of longer fibres also means that they generally have to be arranged in a specific order which is time consuming and also requires human interaction and this all reduces the number of units that can be produced a day. An example of this carbon ceramic brake disc where the discs which have longer fibres cost significantly more and will only be used in very exotic cars such as Koenigsegg where as more budget sports cars such as Porsche tend to use discs with sort random fibers which are far more cost effective. Bibliography 1) A. Mazahery, M. O. Shabani . (2012). Mechanical properties of A356 matrix composites reinforced with nano-SiC particles. Available: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11223-012-9423-0. Last accessed 16/12/2016 2) unknown. (2004). Aluminum Matrix Composites with Discontinuous Silicon Carbide Reinforcement. Available: http://www.totalmateria.com/page.aspx?ID=CheckArticlesite=ktnNM=108. Last accessed 16 December 2016 3) Ajit Bhandakkar1*, R. C. Prasad1, Shankar M. L. Sastry2. (2014). Elastic plastic fracture toughness of aluminium. Available: http://www.vbripress.com/aml/uploads/540c820f6cee71410105871_fullabstratct.pdf. Last accessed 16 December 2016. 4) S. Taufik a, à ¢Ã‚ Ã… ½, S. Sulaiman b . (2014). Thermal Expansion Model for Cast Aluminium Silicon Carbide . Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705813020511. Last accessed 16 December 2016. 5) Parth S. Joshi, Kiran C. Hegade, Apoorv S. Kulkarni . (2016). Manufacturing of Disc Brake Rotor Using. Available: http://www.onlinejournal.in/IJIRV2I6/226.pdf. Last accessed 16/12/2016.The machinability of an Alà ®- ¸5 Mg alloy reinforced with 5 vol% Saffil and 15 vol% SiC was compared with that of Duralcan (A356) reinforced with 15 vol% SiC. In terms of tool wear and metal removal rate with both cemented carbide and polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutting tools, it was found that the Duralcan/ SiC was significantly easier to machine than the composite with the Al-5 Mg matrix. This is attributed to the effect of the matrix on the mechanisms of abrasion wear. The machinability of an Alà ®- ¸5 Mg alloy reinforced with 5 vol% Saffil and 15 vol% SiC was compared with that of Duralcan (A356) reinforced with 15 vol% SiC. In terms of tool wear and metal removal rate with both cemented carbide and polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutting tools, it was found that the Duralcan/ SiC was sig nificantly easier to machine than the composite with the Al-5 Mg matrix. This is attributed to the effect of the matrix on the mechanisms of abrasion wear.

McDonald’s Current Market Strategies Essay

McDonald’s stands as the world’s largest hamburger chain with over 30,000 stores in 120 countries. Yet as strong as it stands in the hamburger industry, it is still vulnerable to price competition and the current federal unemployment rate. In order to try to overcome a low profit margin, McDonald’s is presently pursuing new strategies to help increase its market share in other industries. The primary objectives being targeted includes, growth in sales, increase in profitability and market share. Current Strategies Being Pursued According to CEO, Jim Skinner, McDonald’s â€Å"Plan to Win† strategy includes, â€Å"Giving our customers a unique balance of food and beverage choices is driving performance in every area of the world.† Skinner also stated, â€Å"We’re offering new menu items and classic favorites, including premium and value selections, all for our customers to enjoy in our convenient, contemporary restaurants. We intend to continue our momentum by further enhancing the McDonald’s experience and giving customers even more reasons to visit† (McDonald’ Corp, 2010). They are executing product development strategies by expanding the famous Dollar Menu. Due to constant price competition McDonald’s is trying to increase sales by attracting more customers into their stores by promoting products in the economical Dollar Menu. After evaluating McDonald’s current strategies, one of the leading strategies McDonald’s is trying to achieve is market penetration by focusing efforts on increasing their presence in the coffee industry. Due to recent closures of Starbuck stores and the current high unemployment level, fewer consumers are able to pay a high price for a cup of coffee. This has given McDonald’s an opportunity to enter the coffee industry, and positioning themselves as the low price option by offering free McCafà ¨ mochas every Monday from 7 am to 7 pm to every customer. In addition, by offering an assortment of lower priced coffee drinks McDonald’s is beginning to attract new customers. According to Michael Bauer from SFGate, â€Å"about 48% of Starbucks customers visit McDonald’s at least once a week.† In response to a decline in demand for Starbucks products, they lowered their prices, yet McDonald’s coffee drinks remain 25%-40% cheaper. Coupled with low prices, increasing marketing efforts within the coffee industry has allowed McDonald’s market share to increase by 5.4%. The use of franchising has always been a central strategy to McDonald’s ability for rapid expansion. McDonald’s involvement in forward integration through the use of proceeds from the sale of company owned stores helping finance franchisees and buy back company stock, while paying higher dividends and creating other investments for benefit shareholders (David, 2011, 2009, 2007) clearly implies McDonald’s intention to focus on franchising and not company owned stores. Through strategies such as â€Å"Plan to Win†, McDonald’s has established themselves as a very effective franchise option. Due to the majority of their stores being franchised, McDonald’s Corporation can continue to rely on constant production from franchisees. Conclusion As previously discussed, the strategies McDonald’s is currently pursuing include, but not limited to, market penetration, forward integration, and product development. Each of these strategies are cruicial to McDonald’s success. â€Å"McDonald’s customer focus, menu innovation and the ongoing modernization of our restaurants continue to drive our business momentum,† said Chief Executive Officer Jim Skinner. â€Å"However, there are additional strategies McDonald’s will consider pursuing to ensure economical market advantage and customer satisfaction . References Baertlin L., Wohl, J. McDonald’s October same-store sales up, U.S. slips. (2009, November 09). Reuters. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5A822F20091109 David, F. R. (2011). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education. McDonald’s Corp. (2010, September 09). Clear Station. Retrieved November 8, 2010, from http://clearstation.etrade.com/cgibin/bbs?post_id=9490105&Refer=http://clearstation.etrade.com/doc/newcoming.html McDonald’s Corp. (2010, October 10). Clear Station. Retrieved November 8, 2010, from http://clearstation.etrade.com/cgi-bin/bbs?post_id=9530212&Refer=http://clearstation.etrade.com/doc/newcoming.html Shepherd, L. Starbucks’ rivals brew up a coffee war. (2007, March 26). MSN Money. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from http://articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Investing/Extra/DunkinAndMcDonaldsTakeOnStarbucks.aspx

A Literature Review on Service Quality - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2479 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Transport Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Did you like this example? CHAPTER 2 2.0 Literature Review Nowadays, the trends for demand of the air transport are increasing. Airline industry has been transformed compare to before especially demand of using the air transport. It also becomes as the sector which experience the fastest growing sector compare to the other sector. This increasing of demand can be show out customer has gets their beneficiaries from using this kind of air transport. However, fastest growing of the airlines industry also brings the challenges because of the rising trend toward air transport demand. Purpose for this paper is to examine that how the price, service quality and advertising and promotion influence people to choose flight as the transportation. 2.1 Price According to the Business Dictionary (https://www.businessdictionary.com/), price is a value that exchange or transfer for the possession. The buyer is pleased to pay and seller is pleased to accept and the competition is allowed to exist. All o f this is the basic thing in the business dealing activities. However from the American Economic Review has detailed 117 meaning of price no matter in monetary or non monetary meaning or even in the objective and subjective meaning. R.Commons (1929), state that price can be separated in the value or debt and price is related to the scarcity of commodity, money and waiting. Further, price is a critical thing to an organization which enables to affects or affects by the function of an organization. There have some understanding which done by Monroe (2003), state that price sensitivity can divided into two dimension which is price awareness and price consciousness. The buyer who has the ability to remember the price is called as the price awareness conversely buyer who sensitive to price differential is price consciousness. Thus these price sensitive degrees are affecting to their purchasing behaviors. In economics perspective, this price sensitivity is measured by using the price elas ticity to the demand. Price is an important issue for public transport such as bus, train, taxi to earn their profit for the continuous operation. Generally, if the elasticity is negative value we can see that price increases the number of consumer that patrons toward the public transport will be decrease and vice versa. So that the elasticity concept is emerge to express the proportional change in number of patrons to the proportional changes in the prices. The price elasticity for the public transport in rural area is higher than urban area (Paulley et al., 2006). From the Transport and Road Research Report Laboratory (2004), shows that there was negative value and more elastic demand for the bus price in the short run distance if compare to the long run distance. Moreover, from Roza et al. (2013), a case study in Peninsular Malaysia shows users pay attention to the price increase of the intercity bus and train. Users also give the response which shift from bus to train beca use of reduction of price in the intercity train. This has strongly showed that the price changes influence the user toward choice of mode of transport in this case study. Identically for the flight demand, the price has playing a very important role. In the airline market we can see that there have multiple prices in the market. All airlines in the market must be taking over several considerations about the market demand reaction and the competitors price before set a price decision on the seats. However, the intention for the trip is decide the willingness of the consumer to pay for the price offer. The evidence can be get from the price discrimination of the fly ticket in the weekend with the low fair in weekend truly give the effect to the weekend purchase statistic on the demand of the flight ticket (L.Puller et al.,2012).Thus if we want to evaluate the demand competitiveness the price dynamics must take into account. According to International Air Transport Association ( IATA) Air Travel demand (2008), travelers will choose the destination according to the price of flight ticket offered thus they are more sensitive to the changes of the price of the price in air travel. Besides, the International Passenger Survey (2004), was conducted by UK Office of the National Statistics predict that UK people who travel to the Europe country by flight transport the price variant as 27% in the total travel cost in the year 2004. Many passenger who use the air transport also make the option between the difference of the price which according to the class level. In the study of Gillen et al. (2002), found that the price demand elastic is range differently according to the relevant market. For the long journey the price elasticity variables according to the purpose of international business is more elastic than the domestic business and also the international leisure also elastic than domestic leisure. However for the short journey price elasticity variable for the purpose of the business is more elastic than leisure purpose. The econometric of IATAs Passenger Intelligence Service (PaxIS) database (2005), has shown that there has significant difference statistic with geographic air transport market. In the Intra Europe there are more elastic to the price demand of the transport because there facing strong competition from the other mode of transport with a very low price. Conversely from the Intra Asia aspect, there is moderately more inelastic because the low price of transport in Asia is emerged just recently. New breed of the flight in the US airline industry with low cost has brought result toward the low price of the flight ticket which the low fair cost are distributed broadly. This low cost enable the price strategy in the US airline industry enter different market segment which whether in the low, medium or even in the high end strategy (Najda, 2003). The obvious demand increase in the flight shows that in the US aviation industry i s growing positively (US Federal Aviation, 2011). Real World Wide Web has been used in describe the air transport network. Thus, the connectivity of the airline in the global is very importance to stimulate the economic. The economic price of the flight has played an importance role to increase the demand of the air passenger. This can be show in Oxford Economics (2011), the economical importance places has the higher routes of frequency. The fall of cost in the air transport services has increase routes of flight in Malaysia which connect to cities of all around the world which consist of 111 routes in year 2011.Moreover, in British Airway (BA) April- December (2010), shows that the total revenue of the airline had possess 89% which means consists of 23 million air passengers generated about  £5.7 million profit in year 2010. Thus, we can see that appropriate pricing of the fly ticket is a very important to enhance the market to become more powerful, fairness and sustainability. The air transport in Asia has become a more common mode for the people as the transportation for the travel mode. The reason why it was happen because accelerated by the affordable price of flight ticket which dedicated by the low-cost flight. Airline competition occur cause the air flight ticket to be low will give the advantages to the passengers who pleased to pay and accept the minimal service and comfort ability(Zhang et al., 2008). In Malaysia, Air Asia has held their slogan which Everyone Can Fly in the reality. Air Asia can make it in the reality because they keeping their cost and fair low. An airline is a service industry if the service provided are no difference or only has a little difference to the service that offered in the market consumer will choose for the cheapest one (Lovelock, 2007). Price strategy always use by the airlines industry and customer will get the seats that what are they pay off. Malaysia Airline which launches the Everyday Low Fair program which want to meet the customers current demand. Zeithaml et al. (2009), state that the one information can get is price used by people as a pointer of quality. Addition, low cost airline are the price strategy which price differentiation used by airline industry market to attract the different segment of customers (De Pew et al., 2003). In conclusion, I wanted to find that is that the price given by the airlines will affect the people to choose flight as their transportation. 2.3 Quality of Service According to business dictionary (https://www.businessdictionary.com/), quality is a level used to measure a something which is excellence, absence of defect and it is a something that exceeds the degree of expectation by the consumer. There shows that different people have different perception toward meaning of the quality and it is a subjective term for everyone. Furthermore, Kasper et al. (1999), has defined that the service quality is a degree that fulfill the customer expectation. According to the Jasmina (2007), who has study in service quality in hotel industry stated that quality of service provided by a company is very important which must make sure always fulfill customer satisfaction to allow the company compete in the market and ensure the profitability. However, in the transportation aspect, service quality can straightly affect demand of the public to use it. This can be shown by Muhammad (2010), has study on relationship of bus service and its demand of passenger. From his study he shows that the condition of the bus has bring impact to the demand of the public to use and because of poor service quality cause the public lack the interest to use this transport. This shown by the Mazulla (2006), shows attribute of the service quality from a transport can influence the customer satisfaction is analyzed which the attributes consists of frequency, comfort ability, cleanliness, information given seats and security. Moreover in the Indian Railway there have several attribute used to evaluate the customer service quality instrument such as reliability, empathy, tangibles, responsiveness and assurance (Vanniarajan et al., 2008). From the Lai (2010), research has show that the positive relationship between the quality service of the transport toward the intention of the consumer behavior. According to the Chen et al. (2005), the authors have determined the airline industry service quality in a process form. They divide the process in the two parts which is ground and in flight service. It shows that the customer has different expectation for each different process. Service quality instrument also been use by the other researcher to measure the service provided in the airline industry. Abdul Rahim et al. (2005), has show that the higher quality service ensure the profit and will help satisfied the customer in the higher level and they will be more loyal. From Ali et al. (2012), states that their finding which the hierarchical mo del of service quality most suitable used to collect information and made decision if compare to the other type of service quality model such as multilevel model and Nordic model. The hierarchical model consists of primary dimension which is interaction, environment and outcome dimension. They have their own sub dimension which the interaction are included attitude, behavior and expertise. For environment it includes condition design and social factors. The outcome dimension includes the waiting time, tangible and valence. Lastly from their conclusion they also believe that service quality is the best measurement for analyzing the customer information which included the need, wants and perception about the service. In addition, from the Brady et al. (2001), have states that the result of the high quality service will improve the organizations profit, market share, customer loyalty and the probability for customer to buy it will also increase. According to the Sumaedi et al. (2012 ), the research has found that there has a positive relationship between the service quality and the customer behavior intention. From the researcher finding it also can be support by the Wen et al. (2005), which the service quality of a public transport has influence people whether to use the public transport. In the research the service quality attribute included such as safety when riding, the cleanliness, and degree of crowd when transit, the drivers knows what passengers need and the formidable of the transit system engine. Thus, the behavioral intention of the customer can be affected by the service quality of the transportation are being supported. However, from the researcher al-Rousan et al. (2010), has do the research on the customer loyalty towards the service quality provide in the hotel industry. The finding from the research has show out that the directly influence of the service quality toward the customer loyalty which as same as the transportation industry the impor tant role of the service quality toward the customer who request the service. Service is an intangible and requires tangible facilities with a present of the customer will give an obvious influence toward the quality service that provided to the customer (Britner, 1992). Tangible feature have include outward appearance of physical facilities, communication material, personnel, equipment (Zeithmal et al., 1990). It also include the surrounding design was play an important role towards environments ambience (Wakefield et al., 1996). This also can be seen that the in the interior of the flight importance towards the customer perception towards service quality provided. There has mentioned such as seating comfort ability, safety guide, immediate handling customer request, inquiry and complaints (Lindstrom, 2009). According to the Nor et al. (2013), finding show that the service quality has influences the customer loyalty in the airline services. The customer loyalty will be import ant criteria which the customer will repurchase service or recommend it to the other people (Bloemer et al., 1999). Repurchase intention of customer from the same company will help to ensure that the customer are favorite to the certain company so they will continuous purchase and recommend it to the other peoples (Pearson, 1996). The repeat purchase of the customer from a same brand will help the company to maintain the demand from the customer which without the emotional coherence to that brand (Hawkins et al., 1998). The finding from the researcher Eileen et al. (2011), has found that the key service attribute that provide d by the Malaysia Low Cost Airline which delivery the promise service to customer has allow them to repeat purchase the service. For example the airline promise to delivery on time in departure and arrival, the cleanliness in the flight and with the comfortable seats has give them satisfied with the service provide. On the other hands, the experience of purc hase the flight ticket, check in counter, communication in the ground crew has influence the customer perception towards the service quality provided by the airline. According to the Westcott (2005), shows that it is important to attract the new customer as well retain the old customer and ensure the repeat purchase. In conclusion, according to the pass researcher above has mentioned there is very importance to provide good service quality towards the intention of customer by repeat purchase or attract new customer. So that for me I wanted to find out the quality service that given by the airline will influence the customer choose the flight as the transportation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Literature Review on Service Quality" essay for you Create order